Soubor:Thyroid hormone synthesis.png

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Obrázek + Description: English: Synthesis of thyroid hormones.

Reference:
- Chapter 48, "SYNTHESIS OF THYROID HORMONES" in: Walter F., PhD. Boron (2003) Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approach, Elsevier/Saunders, pp. 1,300 ISBN: 1-4160-2328-3.
Explanation
- Thyroglobulin is synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and follows the secretory pathway to enter the colloid in the lumen of the thyroid follicle by exocytosis.
- Meanwhile, a sodium-iodide (Na/I) symporter pumps iodide (I-) actively into the cell, which previously has crossed the endothelium by largely unknown mechanisms.
- This iodide enters the follicular lumen from the cytoplasm by the transporter pendrin, in a purportedly passive manner.[1]
- In the colloid, iodide (I-) is oxidized to iodine (I0) by an enzyme called thyroid peroxidase.
- Iodine (I0) is very reactive and iodinates the thyroglobulin at tyrosyl residues in its protein chain (in total containing approximately 120 tyrosyl residues).
- In conjugation, adjacent tyrosyl residues are paired together.
- The entire complex re-enters the follicular cell by endocytosis.
- Proteolysis by various proteases liberates thyroxine and triiodothyronine molecules, which enter the blood by largely unknown mechanisms.
Additional references for details
- How Iodide Reaches its Site of Utilisation in the Thyroid Gland – Involvement of Solute Carrier 26A4 (Pendrin) and Solute Carrier 5A8 (Apical Iodide Transporter) - a report by Bernard A Rousset. Touch Brieflings 2007
Date: 16 June 2011
Author: Mikael Häggström

+ pochází z Wikimedia Commons, kde má status – This file is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. (CC0 1.0)

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@@ Řádka 1: / Řádka 1: @@
-Fotografie +
+Obrázek + Description: English: Synthesis of thyroid hormones.
+* Reference:
+** Chapter 48, "SYNTHESIS OF THYROID HORMONES" in: Walter F., PhD. Boron (2003) Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approach, Elsevier/Saunders, pp. 1,300 ISBN: 1-4160-2328-3.
+* Explanation
+** Thyroglobulin is synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and follows the secretory pathway to enter the colloid in the lumen of the thyroid follicle by exocytosis.
+** Meanwhile, a sodium-iodide (Na/I) symporter pumps iodide (I-) actively into the cell, which previously has crossed the endothelium by largely unknown mechanisms.
+** This iodide enters the follicular lumen from the cytoplasm by the transporter pendrin, in a purportedly passive manner.[1]
+** In the colloid, iodide (I-) is oxidized to iodine (I0) by an enzyme called thyroid peroxidase.
+** Iodine (I0) is very reactive and iodinates the thyroglobulin at tyrosyl residues in its protein chain (in total containing approximately 120 tyrosyl residues).
+** In conjugation, adjacent tyrosyl residues are paired together.
+** The entire complex re-enters the follicular cell by endocytosis.
+** Proteolysis by various proteases liberates thyroxine and triiodothyronine molecules, which enter the blood by largely unknown mechanisms.
+* Additional references for details
+** How Iodide Reaches its Site of Utilisation in the Thyroid Gland – Involvement of Solute Carrier 26A4 (Pendrin) and Solute Carrier 5A8 (Apical Iodide Transporter) - a report by Bernard A Rousset. Touch Brieflings 2007
+* Date: 16 June 2011
+* Author: Mikael Häggström
+{{Cc-zero}}